C++ template typedef

C++11 added alias declarations, which
are generalization of typedef, allowing
templates:

template             N>
using Vector = Matrix            1>;

The type
Vector<3> is equivalent to Matrix<3,
1>.

/>

In C++03, the closest approximation
was:

template             N>
struct Vector
{
 typedef Matrix
            type;
};

Here,
the type Vector<3>::type is equivalent to
Matrix<3, 1>.